test: adapt jank's form/reader tests into spec suites; fix case no-match

Vendoring jank's behavior (not the project): we base our own copies on the
jank test corpus to close coverage gaps, but maintain them ourselves since
jank may diverge. Two new spec batteries (jank-isms translated to Jolt:
letfn* -> letfn, jank catch types -> :default; platform-specific bigdec/
biginteger/ratio/uuid/##Inf/unicode cases omitted):

- test/spec/forms-spec.janet (52): case, fn (arity/variadic/closure/recur/
  named), let, letfn, loop, try, if/do/def/call — incl :throws regression
  cases (no-match, bad params, nil call).
- test/spec/reader-forms-spec.janet (22): #() (% %N %&), #' var-quote,
  ^metadata, syntax-quote (gensym/unquote/splice).

Fix surfaced by adaptation: case with no matching clause and no default now
throws 'No matching clause' (Clojure semantics) instead of returning nil
(00-syntax). Gate green incl full jpm build+test.

Other gaps the adaptation surfaced are filed (tests adjusted to jolt's
current behavior + a comment, not silently dropped):
  jolt-vdo case duplicate test constants not rejected
  jolt-w2v loop bindings not sequential (later init can't see earlier)
  jolt-6x1 #() %& miscomputes arity with a higher positional (%2 …)
  jolt-xl0 ^meta not attached to collection literals ({}/[]/#{})
  jolt-265 syntax-quote doesn't fully-qualify core syms to clojure.core/
  jolt-edb syntax-quote ~/~@ not processed inside set literals

jolt-core/clojure/core/00-syntax.clj

@@ -298,7 +298,8 @@
                     `(= ~g ~(mk-const c))))
         build (fn build [cls]
                 (if (empty? cls)
-                  nil
+                  ;; no clause matched and no default — Clojure throws here.
+                  `(throw (ex-info (str "No matching clause: " ~g) {}))
                   (if (empty? (rest cls))
                     (first cls)
                     `(if ~(mk-test (first cls)) ~(nth cls 1) ~(build (drop 2 cls))))))]

test/spec/forms-spec.janet

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# Specification: core special forms (case/fn/let/letfn/loop/if/do/def/call).
+#
+# Adapted from the jank test corpus (compiler+runtime/test/jank/form/**, /call) —
+# we base our coverage on jank's to close gaps, but maintain our own copies since
+# jank may diverge. jank-isms are translated to Jolt/Clojure: letfn* -> letfn,
+# (catch jank.runtime.object_ref …) -> (catch :default …). Platform-specific cases
+# (bigdecimal M, biginteger, ratios, unicode char edges) are intentionally omitted.
+#
+# Multi-form jank files (def + asserts, ending in :success) are wrapped in a single
+# (do … :success) so they run as one expression and assert :success.
+(use ../support/harness)
+
+(defspec "forms / case"
+  ["bool"            ":yes"   "(case true true :yes false :no :default)"]
+  ["keyword match"   ":b"     "(case :a :x :wrong :a :b :default)"]
+  ["number match"    ":two"   "(case 2 1 :one 2 :two :default)"]
+  ["string match"    ":hit"   "(case \"x\" \"y\" :miss \"x\" :hit :default)"]
+  ["nil match"       ":nada"  "(case nil nil :nada :default)"]
+  ["default"         ":def"   "(case 99 1 :one 2 :two :def)"]
+  ["list of consts"  ":vowel" "(case \\a (\\a \\e \\i \\o \\u) :vowel :consonant)"]
+  ["no match no default" :throws "(case 5 1 :one)"])
+  # gap (jolt-vdo): case allows duplicate test constants — Clojure compile-errors.
+
+(defspec "forms / fn"
+  ["named fn nil"    "nil"    "((fn* foo-bar []))"]
+  ["immediate call"  "1"      "((fn* [] 1))"]
+  ["args"            "[:a :b]" "((fn* [a b] [a b]) :a :b)"]
+  ["multi-arity 0"   "0"      "(do (def add (fn* ([] 0) ([a] a) ([a b] (+ a b)))) (add))"]
+  ["multi-arity 1"   "-500"   "(do (def add (fn* ([] 0) ([a] a) ([a b] (+ a b)))) (add -500))"]
+  ["multi-arity 2"   "-450"   "(do (def add (fn* ([] 0) ([a] a) ([a b] (+ a b)))) (add -500 50))"]
+  ["variadic rest"   "[3 4]"  "(do (def v (fn* ([a b & args] args) ([] 0))) (v 1 2 3 4))"]
+  ["variadic empty"  "0"      "(do (def v (fn* ([a b & args] args) ([] 0))) (v))"]
+  ["variadic collect" "[{} nil :m]" "((fn* [a b & args] args) 'w 't {} nil :m)"]
+  ["closure capture" "8"      "(do (def adder (fn* [n] (fn* [x] (+ x n)))) ((adder 5) 3))"]
+  ["recur countdown" "0"      "(do (def cd (fn* [n] (if (< 0 n) (recur (+ n -1)) n))) (cd 10))"]
+  ["named self-recur" "120"   "(do (def f (fn* fact [n] (if (= n 0) 1 (* n (fact (dec n)))))) (f 5))"]
+  ["no param vector" :throws  "(fn* foo)"]
+  ["non-symbol param" :throws "(fn* [1] 1)"])
+
+(defspec "forms / let"
+  ["literal"         "1"      "(let* [a 1] a)"]
+  ["multiple"        "[1 2]"  "(let* [a 1 b 2] [a b])"]
+  ["previous ref"    ":bee"   "(let* [a 1 b (if (= 1 a) :bee :uh-oh)] b)"]
+  ["nested let"      "3"      "(let* [a 5 b (let* [c -2] (+ a c))] b)"]
+  ["fn value bound"  "\":foo\"" "(let* [kw->str (fn* [kw] (str kw))] (kw->str :foo))"]
+  ["shadowing"       "2"      "(let* [a 1 a 2] a)"])
+
+(defspec "forms / letfn"
+  ["mutual top"      "[1 2]"  "(letfn [(a [] 1) (b [] 2)] [(a) (b)])"]
+  ["mutual recursion" ":done" "(letfn [(ev? [n] (if (= 0 n) :done (od? (dec n)))) (od? [n] (ev? n))] (ev? 4))"]
+  ["nested letfn"    "3"      "(letfn [(a [] 5) (b [] (letfn [(c [] -2)] (+ (a) (c))))] (b))"])
+
+(defspec "forms / loop"
+  ["sum"             "55"     "(loop* [sum 0 cnt 10] (if (= cnt 0) sum (recur (+ cnt sum) (dec cnt))))"]
+  ["multi binding"   "[4 2]"  "(loop* [a 1 b 2 n 0] (if (< n 3) (recur (inc a) b (inc n)) [a b]))"])
+  # gap (jolt-w2v): loop bindings aren't sequential — a later init can't reference an
+  # earlier binding (Clojure's loop is like let). (loop* [a 1 b (+ a 1)] …) errors.
+
+(defspec "forms / try"
+  ["immediate throw caught" ":caught" "(try (throw :boom) (catch :default e :caught))"]
+  ["first throw wins"   "\"a\""  "(try (throw (ex-info \"a\" {})) (throw (ex-info \"b\" {})) (catch :default e (ex-message e)))"]
+  ["catch ex-data"      "7"      "(try (throw (ex-info \"e\" {:v 7})) (catch :default e (:v (ex-data e))))"]
+  ["finally runs"       "9"      "(let [a (atom 0)] (try 1 (finally (reset! a 9))) @a)"]
+  ["body value w/ finally" "1"   "(try 1 (finally 2))"]
+  ["catch value w/ finally" ":h" "(try (throw (ex-info \"x\" {})) (catch :default e :h) (finally :ignored))"]
+  ["no throw skips catch" "5"    "(try 5 (catch :default e :nope))"])
+
+(defspec "forms / if-do-def-call"
+  ["if truthy vec"   ":fine"  "(if [:ok] :fine :no)"]
+  ["if truthy str"   ":fine"  "(if \"good?\" :fine :no)"]
+  ["if nil = false"  ":else"  "(if nil :then :else)"]
+  ["if no else"      "nil"    "(if false 1)"]
+  ["do nested"       "1"      "(do (do (do (do 1))))"]
+  ["do returns last" "3"      "(do 1 2 3)"]
+  ["def + deref var" "true"   "(var? (def one 1))"]
+  ["def redefine"    "100"    "(do (def one 1) (def one 100) one)"]
+  ["def in fn mutates" "[:default :meow]" "(do (def a :default) (def set-a (fn* [v] (def a v))) (let* [before a] (set-a :meow) [before a]))"]
+  ["call literal fn" "1"      "((fn* [] 1))"]
+  ["call nested"     "6"      "(+ ((fn* [] 1)) ((fn* [] 2)) ((fn* [] 3)))"]
+  ["call nil"        :throws  "(nil)"])

test/spec/reader-forms-spec.janet

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# Specification: reader forms + syntax-quote + metadata.
+#
+# Adapted from the jank test corpus (test/jank/{syntax-quote,metadata,reader-macro,
+# call}); we keep our own copies since jank may diverge. Syntax-quoted symbols are
+# qualified to clojure.core (matching jank/Clojure). Platform-specific reader forms
+# (#uuid, #inst, ##Inf/##NaN, bigdecimal/biginteger/ratio) are omitted.
+(use ../support/harness)
+
+(defspec "reader / anonymous fn #()"
+  ["no args"         "3"      "(#(+ 1 2))"]
+  ["one arg %"       "6"      "(#(* % 2) 3)"]
+  ["positional %1 %2" "[1 2]" "(#(do [%1 %2]) 1 2)"]
+  ["rest %&"         "[1 2 3]" "(#(do %&) 1 2 3)"]
+  ["fixed + rest"    "[2 3]"  "(#(do % %&) 1 2 3)"])
+  # gap (jolt-6x1): %& with a higher positional (e.g. #(do %2 %&)) miscomputes the
+  # fixed arity — (#(do %2 %&) 1 2 3) yields (2 3), should be [3] (rest after %2).
+
+(defspec "reader / var-quote #'"
+  ["var-quote = var" "true"   "(= (var str) #'str)"]
+  ["is a var"        "true"   "(var? #'str)"]
+  ["deref var-quote" "5"      "(do (def w 5) (deref #'w))"])
+
+(defspec "reader / metadata ^"
+  ["meta on quoted sym" "true" "(:foo (meta (quote ^:foo bar)))"]
+  ["with-meta map"   "true"   "(:k (meta (with-meta {} {:k true})))"]
+  ["with-meta vector" "true"  "(:k (meta (with-meta [] {:k true})))"]
+  ["non-metadatable num" "nil" "(meta 100)"]
+  ["non-metadatable str" "nil" "(meta \"\")"]
+  ["non-metadatable bool" "nil" "(meta true)"])
+  # gap (jolt-xl0): ^meta on collection literals ({}/[]/#{}) isn't attached —
+  # (meta ^:foo {}) is nil; symbol meta + (with-meta …) work.
+
+(defspec "reader / syntax-quote"
+  ["plain literal"   "[1 2 3]" "`[1 2 3]"]
+  ["gensym distinct" "true"   "(not= `meow# `meow#)"]
+  ["gensym stable"   "true"   "(let [s `[meow# meow#]] (= (first s) (second s)))"]
+  ["qualifies unresolved" "(quote user/foo)" "`foo"]
+  ["unquote value"   "[1 2 3]" "(let [a [1 2 3]] `~a)"]
+  # functional: the syntax-quoted call evaluates correctly (jolt-265: core syms are
+  # left bare rather than qualified to clojure.core/, but still resolve at eval).
+  ["unquote call evals" "6" "(let [a 5] (eval `(+ ~a 1)))"]
+  ["splice call evals" "6"  "(let [a [1 2 3]] (eval `(+ ~@a)))"]
+  ["splice in vector" "[1 2 3 0 1 2 3]" "(let [b [0] a [1 2 3] e []] `[~@e ~@a ~@b ~@a ~@e])"])
+  # gap (jolt-edb): ~/~@ aren't processed inside set literals (`#{~@a} keeps the
+  # unquote-splicing form literal).