The host/chez directory mixed jolt's own runtime (value model, seq, reader,
vars, ns, multimethods) with the shims that emulate the JVM: java.* / javax.*
classes, clojure.lang interfaces, and the host-class registry they hang off.
Move that JVM-emulation layer into host/chez/java/ so it reads as a distinct
unit instead of being interleaved with the platform runtime.
Moved (content unchanged): host-static, host-static-methods,
host-static-classes, host-class, dot-forms, records-interop, byte-buffer,
io, io-streams, inst-time, java-time, bigdec, natives-queue, natives-str,
natives-array, math, concurrency, async, ffi.
The load paths in rt.ss/cli.ss and the build.ss runtime manifest are updated
to point at java/; the build inliner follows the (load ...) strings, so the
AOT path needs no other change. All runtime shims, no seed source touched
(the three .clj edits are doc comments), so no re-mint.
Gate green: make test (selfhost fixpoint, certify 0-new, sci 211, infer),
shakesmoke (4 apps byte-identical).
A post-conformance review (chiasmus) flagged fresh-sym defined byte-identically
in 00-syntax and 30-macros; 00-syntax loads first, so the second is redundant.
Also note why deftype uses group-by-head while extend-protocol uses
parse-extend-impls (the latter must treat a computed class type in head position).
No behavior change.
Conformance gaps surfaced re-running the library suites:
- defn now keeps a leading docstring as :doc metadata — it was dropped, so
(:doc (meta #'f)) was always nil. Rides the def docstring slot.
- assert (and :pre/:post) throw a real AssertionError instead of an ex-info, so
(catch AssertionError …) / (thrown? AssertionError …) match, with Clojure's
"Assert failed: <msg>\n<form>" message.
- instance? clojure.lang.Seqable was conflated with ISeq, so a vector/map read
as not-Seqable. Split them: Seqable covers every persistent collection, ISeq
only seqs.
Running cognitect aws-api's pure test namespaces (signing/shapes/protocols/
util/retry/endpoints) surfaced general gaps:
- extend-protocol/extend-type accept a computed class type, e.g.
(Class/forName "[B") for the byte-array class — the byte-array idiom data.json
and aws-api use. The macro grouping handled only symbol/nil heads (it crashed on
a list type); type->name resolves a Class value via .getName; a byte-array
dispatches on the "[B" host tag.
- java.nio.ByteBuffer over a jolt byte-array (wrap/allocate/get/put/array/
remaining/position/limit/duplicate/flip), plus extend-protocol to it.
- java.util.Arrays (equals/copyOf/copyOfRange/fill) and java.util.Random
(nextBytes/nextInt/…).
- java.net.URI/create and clojure.lang.RT/baseLoader statics.
- clojure.core.async/promise-chan (deliver-once, peek-don't-pop).
- a failed java.time parse throws DateTimeParseException (typed), so
(catch DateTimeParseException …) matches it instead of leaking an untyped
condition.
The XML side lives in the jolt-lang/xml library (libxml2 over jolt.ffi); ByteBuffer
stays in core as a generic java.nio primitive.
Gate: make test green (corpus +6 JVM-certified rows, 0 NEW divergence; unit
553/553; SCI 211).
Shaking out clojure.core.memoize (207 assertions, 0 fail) cleared several
general gaps:
- deref/@ on a deftype or reify implementing clojure.lang.IDeref dispatches to
its deref method (RetryingDelay / make-derefable).
- deftype mutable fields (^:unsynchronized-mutable / ^:volatile-mutable) are
read live: a set! within a method is observed by a later read in the same
invocation, not the entry-time capture. Needed for double-checked locking.
Immutable fields stay let-bound. Field reads rewrite to (.-field inst) with
lexical-shadow tracking.
- def metadata values are evaluated, like Clojure: ^{:k (f)} stores (f)'s
result and ^{:af some-fn} the fn. :tag stays a literal hint.
- try dispatches catch clauses by class in order via the exception supertype
hierarchy; a non-matching value re-throws, an untyped host condition is caught
by a RuntimeException/Exception/Throwable clause. Previously the last clause
won and the class was ignored.
- locking takes a real per-object monitor (recursive Chez mutex) now that
futures/agents/threads share one heap; it was a no-op.
- supers/ancestors reflect a small modeled JVM interface hierarchy, so
(ancestors (class f)) yields Runnable/Callable (core.memoize's arg check).
- AssertionError / Error constructors.
JOLT_FEATURES is gone from the docs: it isn't read anywhere on Chez, and the
reader already includes :clj in its default feature set. RFC 0002's
{:jolt :default} design was reverted in the reader; docs now match the code.
Raises the SCI floor 205 -> 210.
Further clojure.core.cache fixes (198 -> 257 of its assertions):
- delay: a throwing body re-ran on every force and never became realized?. Run it
once like Clojure's Delay — cache the exception, mark realized, re-throw the same
on each deref. Fixes value-fn memoization / cache-stampede protection.
- deftype/defrecord: a method name appearing in two protocols with different
arities (data.priority-map's seq is in IPersistentMap [this] AND Sorted
[this asc]) registered per-protocol and shadowed; merge clauses by name across
all protocols into one multi-arity fn.
- empty?/peek/pop (IPersistentStack) dispatch through a deftype's methods; (= a-
deftype other) uses its equiv method (so caches compare to their backing map);
seq handles a host iterator (iterator-seq over .iterator).
- pop of an empty PersistentQueue returns it, like the JVM (was an error).
JVM-certified corpus rows. make test + shakesmoke green.
General fixes shaken out running clojure.core.cache (66 -> 198 of its assertions):
- Map destructuring applied an :or default only for :keys/:strs/:syms, not a
direct {x :x} binding — so {x :x :or {x 9}} (and the & {…} kwargs form) ignored
the default. Apply it for the direct binding too.
- fn didn't implement :pre/:post: a leading conditions map was evaluated as a body
literal (so % was unbound and (.q %) blew up). Recognize it and assert pre
before the body, bind % to the result, assert post, return %.
- (.q inst) on a deftype field with no matching method reads the field, like the
JVM (was "No method q").
- A deftype implementing the clojure.lang collection interfaces now dispatches
dissoc (without), contains? (containsKey), peek/pop (IPersistentStack), and
keys/vals (via its Seqable seq) through its methods — they were field-only, so
core.cache's caches and data.priority-map didn't behave as maps.
JVM-certified corpus rows for each. make test + shakesmoke green.
Shaken out getting ring-defaults (and its ring-core/anti-forgery/session stack)
to load and serve static resources on jolt. All general fixes, all runtime:
- Class/forName throws a catchable ClassNotFoundException for a class jolt can't
back (it returned a broken truthy value for any name, and crashed on use). Lets
the common (try (Class/forName "optional.Dep") (catch ...)) probe libraries use
to detect an absent dependency work — e.g. ring's joda-time check.
- deps: reconcile native libs (and source roots) in one step, deduped by library
identity, instead of the ad-hoc distinct at each call site. An app pulling two
libs that declare the same shared object (libcrypto via both jolt-crypto and
http-client) now includes and loads it once.
- io: a File answers getProtocol ("file") / getFile so resource-serving
middleware that expects io/resource to hand back a file: URL works; the
classloader gains getResources (every source root holding the resource).
- clojure.string/replace accepts a char match/replacement, like the JVM.
JVM-certified corpus rows for the Class/forName and string/replace behavior.
Finishes core.match — its full test suite (115/115) now passes, including the
two patterns the earlier work left out:
- Regex-literal patterns. A #"…" now reads as a regex VALUE (Clojure parity: the
reader constructs the Pattern, so a macro receives a regex, not jolt's tagged
form), and the analyzer compiles a regex value to the same :regex IR leaf via
its source. emit-quoted handles a quoted regex; a regex value carries the
java.util.regex.Pattern host tag so extend-protocol/instance? dispatch on it.
- Primitive-array patterns. A ^Type hint's :tag is now the SYMBOL (e.g. `ints`),
matching the JVM, so core.match's array-tag lookup engages the array
specialization (alength/aget). jolt's :tag consumers already tolerate a symbol
(hc-cell-num-ret normalizes; tag->nkind/def-meta handle both).
Also: a library-conformance directive in CLAUDE.md, and the supported-libraries
list (docs + site) simplified to one-line entries — a listed library is assumed
to work fully, so no tallies or feature enumerations. core.match + transit-jolt
added to the list.
Seed change (reader/backend/30-macros) -> re-minted; the rest runtime. JVM-
certified corpus rows; the stale `symbol hint -> :tag` divergence is dropped from
the allowlist (jolt now matches the JVM). make test + shakesmoke green.
Running clojure.core.match (a macro-heavy library that builds its compiler out
of deftypes implementing clojure.lang interfaces) shook out a cluster of general
gaps. Its own suite goes from not-loading to 111/115 assertions.
- deftype/defrecord implementing a clojure.lang collection interface now drives
the core fns: Indexed -> nth, Counted -> count, Associative -> assoc, ILookup
-> get/valAt (non-field keys only, so a method's own field bindings don't
recurse), ISeq -> seq/first/rest, IPersistentCollection -> conj, IFn -> the
value is callable. A jrec is still a map of fields by default; the interface
method wins when declared.
- Multi-arity inline methods are grouped into one fn (a type with (nth [_ i]) and
(nth [_ i x]) kept only the last before). Built as data, not a nested
syntax-quote, so a `(= ~ocr ~l) method body keeps its unquotes.
- instance?/satisfies? recognize a protocol a type implements, including a MARKER
protocol with no methods (core.match's IPseudoPattern) — deftype/defrecord now
record protocol satisfaction even with zero methods. Added ILookup/Indexed/
Counted to the instance? taxonomy for the built-in collections.
- Syntax-quote: a fully-qualified class name (clojure.lang.ILookup) stays bare
instead of being namespace-qualified; (unquote x) is detected in a lazy seq
(a macro that builds its template with map, e.g. deftype's rewrite-set).
- clojure.set union/intersection/difference are variadic (& sets) + union 0-arity.
- java map view methods: keySet/values/entrySet/size/isEmpty.
- deprecated java.util.Date getters (getYear/getMonth/...) + the multi-arg
(Date. year-1900 month0 date hrs min) constructor.
Seed change (deftype/defrecord macros + clojure.set) -> re-minted; the rest are
runtime. 11 JVM-certified corpus rows; make test + shakesmoke green.
Four general gaps, shaken out by loading clojure.spec.alpha:
- Special forms were shadowable by a same-named macro. analyze-list
macroexpanded before checking special forms, so a ns that redefs def/and/or
(spec excludes them via :refer-clojure :exclude) made a bare def resolve to
the macro instead of the special form, breaking every defn after. Now a head
in the special-form set is never macroexpanded, matching the reference
macroexpand1 isSpecial check.
- reify dropped all but the last arity of a multi-arity protocol method (spec
reifies (specize* [s]) and (specize* [s _])). The macro keyed methods by name
and overwrote; now it groups arities into one multi-arity fn.
- reify instances did not implement IObj: with-meta threw and (instance?
clojure.lang.IObj r) was false. Every Clojure reify carries metadata. with-meta
now copies the reify to a fresh identity (shared method table) and keys its
meta; instance? IObj/IMeta is true for any reify. This was the registry bug —
spec's with-name returned nil for specs, so get-spec missed.
- (set! (. Class field) val) was rejected. spec toggles
clojure.lang.RT/checkSpecAsserts this way; the analyzer now lowers it to a
jolt.host/set-static-field! call over a mutable-statics table, and a plain
Class/field read consults that table.
Also: .name/.getName on a Namespace and .ns/.sym on a Var (spec's ns-qualify /
->sym). analyzer + reify are seed sources (re-minted). spec.alpha now does
valid?/conform/cat/keys/explain-str/check-asserts. tick.alpha.interval-test still
needs time-literals data readers (separate).
ZoneOffset/ZoneId (SHORT_IDS, fixed-offset + UTC + system; named zones via a
fixed-offset table), ZonedDateTime/OffsetDateTime/OffsetTime, Clock (fixed/
system, with now [clock] arity), and DateTimeFormatter integration (ofPattern
+ ISO_* constants, .format/.parse over the rich java.time values via the
inst-time.ss pattern engine). systemDefault resolves to UTC to keep the
#inst atZone/toInstant round-trip machine-tz-independent.
tick.core + tick.protocols + tick.locale-en-us load; tick's api_test runs
31 tests / 352 pass / 7 fail / 0 error. The 7 are host gaps: named-zone DST
(no tzdb), French locale month names (no locale DB), nanosecond Instant.
General fixes surfaced by tick: :ns/keys map destructuring ({:tick/keys [..]})
in 00-syntax.clj (re-minted), and extend-protocol to java.time classes
(records.ss host-type-set). 12 corpus rows certified vs JVM. make test +
shakesmoke green, selfhost holds, 0 new divergences, data.json stays 138/139.
Duration (ISO PT.. toString, between, full arithmetic), Period (between with
borrow, P.. toString, normalized), full Month/DayOfWeek enums (named constants,
print as their name — fixes the Phase-1 raw-jhost print), Year, YearMonth
(2020-02 toString, leap, atDay/atEndOfMonth), ChronoUnit (between/getDuration)
and ChronoField. The temporal machinery on the Phase-1 types now works with
ChronoUnit/ChronoField: (.plus t n DAYS), (.until t1 t2 unit), (.get/.getLong
t field), (.with t field v), (.isSupported ..), (.truncatedTo ..).
Analyzer: (. Class method args) with a class target lowers to a static call
(Class/method args) instead of mis-dispatching as an instance call on the arg
— matches JVM; needed by cljc.java-time.year. Seed re-minted; selfhost holds.
The Phase-2 cljc.java-time namespaces load; tick.core advances to a Phase-3
zone gap. 10 corpus rows certified vs JVM. make test + shakesmoke green, 0 new
divergences, data.json stays 138/139.
A slash-free dotted symbol with a Capitalized final segment (java.util.Map,
clojure.lang.Named, java.time.Instant) now self-evaluates to its name string
instead of resolving to nil — jolt models a class as its name, so a library
can extend a protocol to, or instance?-check, a host class jolt has no shim
for. hc-resolve-global classifies these as :class; the analyzer emits a const.
extends? now matches when either the query or the registered tag is a dotted
suffix of the other, so (extends? P java.util.Collection) finds the impl
extend registered under the canonical short tag.
Add DateTimeFormatter/ISO_INSTANT (UTC, trailing Z).
These unblock loading clojure.data.json, which dispatches JSONWriter on
java.util.Map/Collection/CharSequence/Instant and defaults a formatter to
ISO_INSTANT.
read-string/read now return real sets for #{...} literals (top-level and
nested) instead of the reader's {:jolt/type :jolt/set} form — the data
seams convert set forms to sets (recursing, preserving metadata and source
map-key order); clojure.edn already did this. The compiler keeps reading
via the raw reader, so set literals in code stay forms the analyzer lowers.
format %x now emits lowercase hex (Chez number->string is uppercase); %X
unchanged.
extend and extends? handle a nil target type (host tag "nil"), matching
extend-type — protocols can be extended to nil via the function form, not
just the macro.
Found porting transit/data.json and shaking out aero.
conj/assoc/dissoc/disj/pop/into and empty now thread the receiver's
metadata onto the result, matching Clojure (each op constructs a new
collection with meta() carried forward; coll.empty() is
EMPTY.withMeta(meta())). The metadata side-table is now weak so meta on
intermediate collections is reclaimed with them, and empty-list-t carries
an (unused) field so a metadata-bearing () is a distinct identity from the
shared singleton instead of leaking meta onto every ().
Unblocks metadata-driven walks (aero/integrant): (into (empty form) ...)
now preserves a vector/map/set's metadata, so a postwalk whose outer fn
reads (meta x) sees it.
The reader lowered ^meta on a vector/map/set literal to a runtime
(with-meta form meta) list, so read-string/edn of data with metadata
returned the form and lost the metadata. Attach it to the value instead,
as Clojure does; the analyzer re-emits (with-meta coll meta) for a
meta-carrying collection literal in code, so a literal still carries its
metadata at runtime and ^Type/^long arglist hints (consumed by
analyze-arity directly) are unaffected.
Also: pr honors *print-meta*, and clojure.walk/clojure.edn re-attach
metadata to the collections they rebuild (matches Clojure; a
metadata-driven config lib like aero relies on it).
types.clj held the inferencer, the success-type checker, and the driver in one
716-line namespace. Move the self-contained checker into jolt.passes.types.check:
the error-domain predicates (not-number?/not-seqable?/not-callable?), the op
tables, type-name, check-invoke, and the user-fn registry. These are pure over
inferred types and the run's env cells, with no inference, so a check-rule edit
can no longer perturb the inferencer.
The infer-coupled probes stay in types.clj — isolated-diag-count and
check-user-call re-run inference, so moving them would make check depend on the
inferencer and reintroduce the cycle. Verbatim move; new ns wired into
ei-compiler-ns-files; seed re-minted to the byte-fixpoint.
infer's :invoke case was ~120 lines of cond arms hand-coding eight call
patterns, all destructured positionally with (nth r 0)/(nth r 1) on the
[type node'] tuples infer returns. Split each pattern into a named helper
(infer-pred-fold/-kw-lookup/-get-lookup/-reduce-hof/-seq-hof/-conj-into/-call)
behind an infer-invoke dispatcher that keeps the cond guards verbatim, and add
ty/nd accessors for the tuple so a silent transposition can't hide.
The accessors are applied only to genuine infer results (the new helpers and
infer-fn-seeded); the :map/:let/:loop arms interleave non-infer pairs
(binding tuples, accumulator pairs) with infer results, so those keep nth.
Pure restructuring — the guards, order, and bodies are unchanged; seed
re-minted to the byte-fixpoint, gate green, 0 new corpus divergences.
The inliner and the type inferencer each recognized (:k m) and (get m :k)
lookups with their own copy of the callee tests — the get-callee check was
duplicated verbatim across both. Lift kw-callee?/get-callee? into
jolt.passes.fold (alongside scalar-const?) and call them from both passes so
the head recognition can't drift.
Only the head predicates move. The deliberate differences stay: the inliner
still accepts any scalar key in the get-form (its scalar-replacement targets
can be string/number-keyed maps) while the inferencer requires keyword keys
for struct field typing, and the inferencer keeps its two arms separate so each
rebuilds args for its form. The backend's value-as-fn ifn-kind is left alone.
numeric.clj dbl-spec/lng-spec and backend_scheme.clj dbl-ops/lng-ops must agree —
a spec'd op with no table entry makes emit-numeric splice a nil op string. Document
the contract on both sides. Comment-only; seed re-mints byte-identical, gate green.
The other two ideas in this bead were rejected after inspecting the code:
- collapsing inline.clj local-escapes? onto reduce-ir-children would reintroduce the
under-reporting hazard its docstring deliberately guards against (default-true is
load-bearing for scalar-replacement soundness).
- folding numeric recur-kinds/recur-arg-lists into one walk loses the type-env
threading recur-kinds needs through :let; the parallel split is justified.
analyzer.clj referred jolt.host/form-char? but never called it (form-char? stays
live — backend_scheme.clj uses it). Promote numeric.clj an-invoke's :wild operand
rule (an integer literal is valid in either fl/fx kind) from an inline comment to the
function docstring. Both output-neutral: the seed re-mints byte-identical, gate green.
Under --direct-link a top-level def binds jv$<fqn> and app->app calls bound directly
to it. emit-invoke raw-applied that binding for any var callee, but only a fn-valued
def is a Scheme procedure: (def cfg {...}) then (cfg :a) emitted (jv$cfg :a), applying
a pmap -> "attempt to apply non-procedure". Maps/sets/keywords are invokable in Clojure
via jolt-invoke, which the indirect path used, so this only bit closed-world builds.
Track which direct-linked vars hold fn literals (direct-link-fns, registered at the def
site when the init op is :fn) and only raw-apply those. A non-fn callee falls through to
the jolt-invoke branch, which still uses the direct jv$ binding as the invoke target —
so the var-deref is still skipped, just not the dispatch.
Seed source: re-minted. Regression in directlink-test.ss (jolt-cw1o).
`jolt build --tree-shake` (or deps.edn :jolt/build {:tree-shake true}) does
reachability DCE over the re-emitted app + library namespaces: keep -main, every
side-effecting (non-def) top-level form, and every def reachable from those; drop
the rest. A macro (expanded at AOT, never called at runtime) is prunable too.
Sound: bails (keeps everything) if REACHABLE code resolves vars by name at runtime
(eval/resolve/ns-resolve/requiring-resolve/find-var/intern/load-string/...), which a
static call graph can't follow. Unreached eval-using library code is simply shaken
away and never triggers the bail. clojure.core and the compiler image stay baked
(prelude + image blobs), so only re-emitted namespaces are shaken for now.
The reachability machinery is in emit-image.ss (records: keep?/fqn/refs/str via
reduce-ir-children) + build.ss (BFS + bail check). build-smoke covers it (drops the
unreachable `twice` macro, output unchanged). Opt-in; default builds are untouched.
full make test green.
Scope note: this shakes the re-emitted app/lib code only. Measurement shows jolt's
compiled code is ~5.8MB of a ~9.8MB binary, dominated by the clojure.core prelude
(~1.5-2MB) and the compiler image (~0.8MB) — both baked blobs this pass doesn't
touch. Those (shake-core, drop-compiler-when-no-eval) are the larger footprint wins,
filed as follow-ups.
A loop var with an integer-literal init now types :long (fx ops) when every recur
arg in its slot is an increment-style step — the var unchanged, inc/dec, or (+/-
var <int-literal>). So (loop [i 0] (recur (inc i))) gets fx1+/fx<? without a hint,
matching how Clojure treats a primitive-long loop counter.
Soundness: only increment steps qualify. A multiplicative or large-growth
accumulator like (recur (* acc 2)) is never seeded, so it stays generic and keeps
arbitrary precision — a bignum-producing loop (e.g. a factorial) is unaffected.
counter-step? gates this; the existing fixpoint demotes anything inconsistent.
test/chez/numeric-test.ss 44/44 (incl. a factorial loop staying bignum-exact while
its counter is fx); full make test green, 0 new corpus divergences.
jolt.passes.inline was fully written but dormant — it fetched bodies via the
inline-ir host hook, which was a stub returning nil. Wire it up: run-passes stashes
each inline-eligible defn (single fixed arity) as its form is optimized, and
inline-ir hands the body back at call sites under --opt.
The catch was the ^double/^long coercion: an inlined fn drops its param-entry and
return coercion, so (work 3 4) on a ^double fn would return 25 instead of 25.0. New
:coerce IR node carries the coercion inside the spliced body — the inline pass wraps
a hinted param's arg and the return in :coerce, the back end lowers it
(exact->inexact / jolt->fx), and jolt.passes.numeric reads its :kind. So an inlined
call matches the called one and the body's fl*/fx* fast path still fires.
Only under --opt (closed world); the seed mint and -e don't inline, so selfhost and
the corpus are unaffected. test/chez/inline-test.ss 12/12 (make inline); full make
test green, 0 new corpus divergences.
Bench (hot loop, body is a ^double helper call): direct-link 500ms -> --opt
(inlined) 184ms = 2.7x, by eliminating the call + coercion wrappers and letting Chez
fuse the fl-ops unboxed. ~26x over the default dispatched build.
A ^double/^long return hint on a fn's name now (a) coerces the fn's value on the
way out — exact->inexact / jolt->fx, like a JVM primitive return — and (b) types a
call to it, so an accumulator over the result specializes:
(defn ^double work [^double x ^double y] (+ (* x x) (* y y)))
(loop [acc 0.0] (recur (+ acc (work a b)))) ; (+ acc (work ..)) -> fl+
The analyzer pushes the name's numeric tag onto each arity (:ret-nhint) for the
back-end coercion, and resolve-global surfaces the callee's declared return
(:num-ret, read from var meta) onto the :var node so jolt.passes.numeric types the
call. defn carries the name hint through.
This unblocks the accumulator-over-fn-result pattern that round 2 had to demote.
The win is bounded by call overhead in an open/dispatched build (~1.15x on a hot
loop whose body is a helper call); it compounds with direct-linking and, later,
inlining. A numeric return hint is a contract, like ^long — redefining the var to
return another type in an open build breaks it.
Not yet: per-arity arglist return hints, (defn f (^double [x] ..)). Gate:
test/chez/numeric-test.ss 39/39; full make test green, 0 new corpus divergences.
loop-kinds only typed :double accumulators; a ^long-seeded loop var (e.g.
(loop [acc start] ...) with a ^long start) stayed generic even though it's sound
to fx-type — :long only ever comes from an explicit hint, and a ^long value is
already coerced to a fixnum at fn entry. Keep the init's kind (:double or :long)
through the fixpoint, demoting only on a recur-arg mismatch.
Integer-literal-init loop vars (a bare (loop [i 0] ...)) still stay generic by
design: :long is never seeded from a literal, so a bignum-producing loop keeps
arbitrary precision.
A loop binding whose init is double and whose every recur arg stays double (a
bounded monotone fixpoint) is typed :double, so its arithmetic — and the recur
args feeding it — emit fl-ops. Chez can then keep the accumulator unboxed in a
float register across the loop.
Integer loop vars stay untyped: a bare integer init never seeds :long (same rule
as round 1), so a bignum-producing loop keeps arbitrary precision rather than
overflowing a fixnum. recur-kinds walks only tail position (if/do-ret/let-body),
stopping at nested loop/fn so a loop sees only its own recur.
A/B on a loop-carried double accumulator: 735ms generic -> 500ms typed (1.47x),
closing the gap to the JVM from ~3.3x to ~2.2x. The integer counter stays generic,
which is most of the residual.
A ^double/^long param hint (or a float literal) now drives Chez flonum/fixnum
ops instead of generic arithmetic — JVM-style primitive hints, available in every
build and at -e (not gated on direct-linking or whole-program inference).
New pass jolt.passes.numeric: a local forward type-flow seeded from ^double/^long
fn-param hints (analyzer attaches :nhints per arity) and float literals,
propagated through let inits / arithmetic / if / do. It tags an arithmetic invoke
:num-kind :double|:long when every operand is that kind (an integer literal is a
wildcard, coerced to a flonum in a double op). The back end lowers a tagged node
to fl+/fl-/fl*/fl//fl<?/... or fx+/fx*/fx1+/fxquotient/... (unchecked-add etc.
join the fixnum path; == too). Runs last in run-passes, both branches.
Soundness: :long is seeded ONLY from an explicit ^long hint, never a bare integer
literal, so un-hinted integer code keeps jolt's arbitrary-precision numbers — no
fixnum-overflow surprise, no corpus divergence. :double comes from ^double hints
and float literals (flonum arithmetic is always flonum, matching the generic
result). A ^long hint is a promise the value is a fixnum: fx+ raises on overflow,
like a JVM fixed-width long.
Numeric-hinted params coerce at fn entry (exact->inexact / jolt->fx), the way the
JVM coerces a primitive parameter — so the body's fl*/fx* ops can rely on the
type even when a caller passes an exact int (e.g. Chez's (* 0 1.0) => exact 0).
Round 1 specializes hinted straight-line / fn-body arithmetic. fl-ops are ~4x
generic in a tight Chez loop, but realizing that on loop-carried accumulators
needs loop-var typing — round 2. Sound foundation, gated by test/chez/numeric-test.ss.
Release builds can legitimately want runtime dynamism (redefinition, eval,
load-string), so closed-world direct-linking shouldn't be forced on them. Gate it
behind an explicit --direct-link flag (or deps.edn :jolt/build {:direct-link
true}); off by default in every mode, including release and --opt.
build-binary takes an explicit direct-link? arg instead of deriving it from the
mode. build-smoke now covers the --direct-link path and asserts the cross-ns call
actually lowers to a jv$ binding; default release stays dynamically linked.
A release/optimized `jolt build` is a closed world: every app def is final, so
an app->app call can bind to the def's Scheme binding directly instead of going
through (jolt-invoke (var-deref ns name)).
The emitter gains a direct-link mode (off for the seed mint, runtime -e/repl, and
dev builds). With it on, a top-level app def also emits a binding jv$<ns>$<name>
that def-var! aliases; an app->app call or value-ref to a name already emitted in
the unit lowers to that binding, skipping both the var-table lookup and the
generic IFn dispatch. ^:dynamic/^:redef defs and nested defs (a defonce's inner
def) opt out and stay indirect. Off direct-link mode, emit-top-form is exactly
emit, so the seed and runtime eval are byte-unchanged (selfhost holds).
build.ss turns it on for release + optimized; the defined-set accumulates across
the dependency-ordered namespaces so a dep's defs are linkable by the time the
entry that calls them is emitted. App->core calls stay indirect for now (core is
the baked seed); that's a later stage.
~1.74x on a hot cross-namespace call loop (26.5s -> 15.2s).
Build output landed in the CLI's cwd (the jolt repo, since bin/joltc cd's
there), not the project — so a bare -o path or the default binary appeared
in the wrong place. Resolve output against JOLT_PWD, and default it cargo-
style under the project's target/: target/release for release/--opt,
target/debug for --dev, named after the project dir. The <name>.build scratch
dir sits beside the binary, so it lands under the same target dir. -o is
honored — absolute as-is, relative against the project.
A built binary dropped its deps.edn :jolt/native declarations and its
resource roots, so an FFI+resources app (ring-app) failed at runtime:
sockets/sqlite gave 'no entry for socket' and io/resource returned nil.
The buildsmoke fixture is pure compute, so neither path was exercised.
The launcher now loads required + :process native libs before the app's
top-level forms (a library's defcfn resolves its foreign-procedure symbols
at top-level eval during startup, so the libs must be loaded first);
optional libs load in the scheme-start launcher, where a missing lib is
caught rather than aborting the heap build.
deps.edn :jolt/build {:embed [dirs]} bakes those dirs' files into the heap
(register-embedded-resource! at heap build), so io/resource serves them with
no files on disk. Non-embedded resources resolve at runtime against JOLT_PWD,
and io/file reads (e.g. config.edn) stay external.
build-binary now takes the encoded natives, embed dirs, and project paths
from cmd-build; deps/resolve-project surfaces them. Buildsmoke fixture grows
an embedded resource + a :process native to cover both paths.
jolt could call C (foreign-fn -> foreign-procedure) but C could not call back
into jolt, which GTK signals (and any callback-taking C API) require. Add the
inverse: jolt.ffi/foreign-callable wraps a jolt fn as a C-callable function
pointer, mirroring the foreign-fn pipeline.
A new jolt.ffi/__ccallable special form carries the fn as a child expression
(analyzed + walked by the passes; ir.clj gains an :ffi-callable arm in both
child walks) plus literal arg/ret type keywords. The back end lowers it to a
locked Chez foreign-callable and returns its entry-point address as a jolt
pointer; host/chez/ffi.ss registers the code object so the collector keeps it,
and free-callable unlocks it. :collect-safe emits the convention that
reactivates the thread on entry, for callbacks fired while it is parked in a
:blocking call (a GTK main loop).
Test: ffi-binding-test.ss sorts an int array through libc qsort with a jolt
comparator (C -> jolt -> C). Re-minted seed.
types.clj drove inference through ~14 module-level atoms; the infer walk was
non-reentrant and depended on hidden set-*! install order. Thread one immutable
env (mk-env) through infer instead: it snapshots the installed config
(rtenv/vtypes/record-shapes/protocol-methods/map-shapes?) and carries the
per-run flags and accumulator/guard cells (diags/calls/checking-set/diag-memo).
A fresh env per run makes the pass re-entrant — isolated-diag-count's probe now
runs under a sub-env with its own diags cell instead of save/restoring a shared
atom.
Only state whose lifecycle spans separate API calls stays module-level: a
config-box the set-*! API writes, the escapes/user-sig sweep registries, and a
bridge holding the last checking run's diags for take-diags!. record-type-from-
entry/field-type-from-tag now take the shapes map directly rather than reading a
global.
jolt-ogib.10. Behavior pinned by the new infer gate (23 cases) plus selfhost +
buildsmoke. Re-minted seed.
types.clj was 852 lines mixing the pure structural-type algebra with the
inference engine, checker, and driver. Move the lattice — scalar/struct/vec/set/
union types, join-t, depth-cap, shape, and the numeric/vector return-fn sets —
into jolt.passes.types.lattice (no inference state, no requires). types.clj
requires it; the engine is now ~720 lines. Compiled into the image before
jolt.passes.types. Re-minted seed differs only by gensym label renumbering.
The 1123-line collection tier is the largest source file. Cut it at two existing
section banners into 20-coll (predicates, printing, hierarchies, pure-over-core
leaves), 21-coll (rand/sort seams, the test runner, fn combinators), and 22-coll
(canonical Clojure ports, transduce/into, JVM-shape stubs). No macros in this tier,
so order is the only constraint; the emit-image manifest lists the three in
sequence. Re-minted seed is identical apart from gensym label renumbering.
check-user-call rebuilt the all-:any env once per parameter (O(params^2)) and
re-inferred a callee body at every call site. Build the env once and memoize each
probe by [key i argtype] (and the baseline by [:base key]), cleared per form in
check-form. The global type-env is stable within a form's check and the probe's
calls/escapes side effects aren't read there, so a skipped repeat is observably
identical. (The inline-side re-walk the audit flagged is moot: hc-inline-ir is a
no-op on Chez, so try-inline never reaches body-size/body-closed?.)
- take-last / drop-last return seqs, not vectors: take-last wraps in seq; drop-last
is the JVM (map (fn [x _] x) coll (drop n coll)) form (lazy, () when empty).
- cycle is lazy ((lazy-seq (concat coll (cycle coll)))) so it no longer counts its
argument and terminates on a lazy/infinite input.
- fold's foldable-call catch uses :default, matching the rest of jolt-core and
also catching a raw host condition from a folding primitive.
- alts! rejects non-channel ports with a clear error (put specs / :default are
unsupported) instead of crashing inside ac-poll!.
- Misc: drop the unreachable second getCause clause; jolt-nth on a string raises
'nth "index out of bounds" like the vector branch; name the inline fixpoint cap;
bld-sh-capture rejoins lines with newlines; clarify a couple of comments.
map-ir-children single-sourced the child layout for rewrite passes; the read-only
analyses each re-enumerated ops by hand. Add a fold companion, reduce-ir-children,
and rebuild body-size, pure?, and body-closed? on it (each reduces to a leaf value
+ the special ops it actually needs). local-escapes? stays an explicit walk — its
default is conservatively true and it inspects node shape beyond child purity, so
folding an unhandled op over its children would be unsound for scalar replacement.
analyze-special inlined def (~35 lines) and set! while try/letfn/fn* were already
helpers. Pull both out and move field-head? above analyze-special so its set! arm
and analyze-list reach it without a forward reference — the file's "only analyze
is forward-declared" invariant holds again. Pure code motion.
Round 1 (correctness + dead code):
- Fix duplicate java.util.HashMap registration in host-static.ss: the alist
impl shadowed the hashtable ctor while leaving the hashtable methods bound,
so .keySet/.values/.remove/.clear crashed. Drop the alist version.
- Delete jolt-core/jolt/reader.clj: a 463-line dead duplicate reader, never
required or compiled (the live reader is host/chez/reader.ss) and drifted.
- Remove dead defs: ir/rt + :rt op + unused ir/op; the Janet branch in
clojure.edn/drain-reader; a shadowed first clojure.string/trim-newline;
io.ss jolt-char-array + the reader def-var (both shadowed by natives-array);
concurrency.ss jolt-future-done?*; compile-eval.ss jolt-analyze-emit.
Round 2 (perf + determinism):
- emit-quoted-map-value / quoted sets now emit sorted by emitted text instead
of host-hash order, which isn't stable across Chez versions (jolt-8479).
- jolt-into folds through a transient, so into/vec/mapv/filterv onto a vector
are O(n) instead of O(n^2).
- deps resolve-deps walks its queue with an index cursor (was subvec-per-pop).
- async channel and agent action queues use amortized-O(1) FIFOs; ArrayList is
backed by a growable vector (O(1) add/get) instead of a list.
Restores the standalone-binary capability the Janet host had. `bin/joltc build
-m NS -o OUT` AOT-compiles an app into a single self-contained executable — the
whole runtime, clojure.core, stdlib and compiler embedded, no Chez install or
jolt source needed at runtime.
Pipeline (host/chez/build.ss, host primitive jolt.host/build-binary driven by
jolt.main's build command): resolve deps, load the entry namespace recording the
app namespaces in dependency order, re-emit each to Scheme, textually inline the
cli.ss runtime load sequence into one flat source + the app + a launcher, then
compile-file -> make-boot-file -> embed the boot as C bytes -> cc-link against
libkernel.a.
Two non-obvious bits: the compile pass runs in a fresh Chez, not the loaded
runtime (regex.ss shadows top-level `error`, which otherwise bakes a broken
reference into the boot); and the launcher installs scheme-start rather than
running -main at top level, since boot top-level forms execute during heap build
before argv is set, so args only reach -main through scheme-start.
Loader: a require of an in-memory namespace with no source file now no-ops, so
AOT'd app namespaces satisfy require in a built binary.
Mode flags (--opt/--dev, default release) are plumbed; the optimization passes
they gate come in a later stage. RFC 0007 has the design. Gated by `make
buildsmoke`.
Rename src/jolt -> stdlib (the runtime-loaded layer; jolt-core stays the
seed-baked layer) and update the loader / emit-image / doc paths. Drop dead
code: the spike/ experiments, the duplicate clojuredocs-export.edn (json moves
to tools/), the Janet-era jolt.http binding, and the orphaned
persistent_vector.clj whose ns/path didn't even match.
Strip porting residue from comments and docstrings across host/chez, jolt-core,
stdlib, tests, and docs: internal issue ids, "Phase N" markers, and the "vs
Janet" historical exposition, leaving present-tense descriptions and the real
JVM-Clojure semantic contrasts. Same pass over the corpus suite labels. The seed
is unchanged (docstrings/comments aren't emitted), so the self-host fixpoint and
corpus are untouched.
Port tools/spec_coverage.py off the dead janet probe to bin/joltc and regenerate
coverage.md; drop the dead :host/janet rule from certify.clj and regenerate the
conformance profile. Add docs/host-interop.md (the JVM shims and how to register
your own host class from a library) and a writing-style note in CLAUDE.md.
Stabilize the four racy concurrency corpus cases (future-cancel and agent
send/send-off): give the future a sleeping body and the agent a slow action, so
cancel reliably catches an in-flight future and deref reliably reads the
pre-update snapshot. They certify deterministically now, so drop their :flaky
allowlist entries and the orphaned legend.
Shake-out from the conformance-library sweep. Host-side fixes (runtime .ss,
no re-mint) plus one analyzer change (re-minted):
- Exception fidelity: ex-info and host-constructed throwables (RuntimeException.
etc.) now carry their JVM class, so (class e), instance? across the exception
hierarchy, .getMessage, and clojure.test thrown?/thrown-with-msg? all work.
- .getBytes returns a seqable/countable byte-array and honors UTF-16/UTF-32;
String. decodes them. ->bytevector accepts byte-arrays (Base64).
- Universal .getClass / .toString / .indexOf / .lastIndexOf on any value/seq.
- record? uses the host jrec? predicate (the old (get x :jolt/deftype) crashed
on a sorted-map by invoking its comparator).
- extend-protocol to abstract host types (clojure.lang.Fn/IFn/APersistentVector,
java.net.URI) dispatches.
- New host classes: clojure.lang.PersistentQueue, java.util.ArrayList,
java.net.URI, java.io.File / java.util.UUID ctors, Double/Float ctors+statics,
regex instance? Pattern, System/setProperty.
- *assert* / *print-readably* are real settable/bindable vars.
- (symbol "ns/name") splits the namespace at the last slash.
- letfn fn params desugar destructuring (analyzer; re-minted).
unit.edn gains exinfo/hostobj/queue/hostctor/destructure regression rows.
The built-in nREPL stays minimal (clone/describe/eval/load-file/close) but now
composes a middleware stack so a library can add the heavier features (sessions,
interruptible-eval, completion, lookup) without bloating core.
- A middleware is (fn [handler] (fn [request] ...)); request carries :reply (a
thread-safe send that adds id/session) plus the wire fields. List them in
deps.edn :nrepl/middleware (symbols -> a middleware fn or a vector of them);
jolt.nrepl composes them over the built-in handler.
- Public seam: respond, evaluate, register-ops!, new-session, err-msg.
- Per-connection send lock so middleware replying from other threads don't
interleave bytes. describe advertises built-in + registered ops.
deps.clj surfaces :nrepl/middleware; jolt.main passes it to the server. Built-in
behavior unchanged when no middleware is declared. Runtime, no re-mint.
The line REPL was broken (read-line called nil — the __stdin-read-line host seam
the clojure.core *in* reader drives was never implemented on Chez) and didn't
load the project, so (require '[some.lib]) failed. Now:
- __stdin-read-line reads a line from stdin (get-line); read-line / read / the
REPL work.
- repl resolves the project first (deps on the roots, native libs loaded), so
libraries are available — same context a run gets.
- jolt.nrepl: a jolt-native nREPL server (bencode over a loopback jolt.ffi
socket) speaking the real protocol — clone / describe / eval / load-file /
close, with stdout capture, :ns-scoped eval (in-ns; binding *ns* doesn't drive
load-string resolution here), and real error text. 'joltc nrepl [port]' applies
the project then serves; writes .nrepl-port. Editors (CIDER/Calva/Cursive)
connect and develop live; project libraries load in the session.
- ex-message returns nil for raw Chez conditions, so jolt.host/condition-message
exposes the condition text; the REPL and nREPL surface it instead of an opaque
#<compound condition>.
Why native, not real nREPL: nrepl.server is welded to java.util.concurrent
executors, two compiled Java helper classes, a DynamicClassLoader, Compiler
internals and a JVMTI agent — not faithfully shimmable. The wire protocol, which
is what clients depend on, is small and implemented directly.
Runtime .ss + jolt-core, no re-mint. Full gate green.
An FFI library declares the system shared objects it binds in its deps.edn
(:jolt/native), with per-platform candidate sonames, :optional for feature-gated
deps, and :process for libraries that use the running process's own symbols
(libc sockets). jolt.deps collects them transitively; jolt loads them before the
library's namespaces are required, so foreign-fn bindings resolve — and a missing
required lib fails early with a clear message instead of a cryptic symbol error.
Replaces hardcoded soname-probing inside library .clj files.
A library binding a blocking native call (accept/recv/connect/...) needs it
emitted __collect_safe so the thread deactivates for the call and doesn't pin
the stop-the-world collector. foreign-fn / defcfn take an optional trailing
:blocking; the backend emits (foreign-procedure __collect_safe ...). Needed for
the ring-janet-adapter socket-server port. ffi-binding-test asserts a thread
parked in a :blocking call doesn't block (collect).
