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This is mostly complete, enough for me to build a bench from it.

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# roubo # roubo
OpenSCAD model of a 'roubo' style carpentry bench. [OpenSCAD](https://openscad.org/) model of a 'roubo' style carpentry bench.
![The bench](roubo.png)
The 'roubo' bench is a style of woodworking bench constructed primarily from
softwood and without metal fastenings, traditional in parts of east Asia. The
internally threaded blocks for the two vices are clearly turned from close-
grained hardwood; I suspect the moving block for the end vice, and
the treenails and locking wedges, should also be hardwood.
All dimensions in this model are in millimetres.
If reasonable sizes for top planks include 150mm (which is
what we have) then the maximum possible diameter of a vice
screw is 25mm; which means we may as well use commercial
metal threaded rod. A wooden screw that small would be
finicky to make and pretty fragile.
if you can get 200x75mm for the top planks then a turned wooden screw
may become more practical, but I have not parameterised the screw
diameter
This file is partially constructed from analysis of [this video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhAEbklxJME).
Key points:
1. 1:55-3:08 leg top joint detail
2. 3:10-7:50 top plank end tenon detail
3. 7:50-9:20 cutting end vice slot (I don't think the cutting of the internal slot for the end vice moving block is ever shown)
4. 9:30-10:14 dowels to assemble top planks
5. 10:24-13:25 detail of end vice assembly
6. 10:24-13-09 top end cap assembly
7. 13:30-14:20 cutting end tenons of leg cross brace
8. 14:20-16:40; 19:30-20:00 front vice assembly
9. 16:42-17:08 assembling leg cross brace
10. 17:20-18:05 leg longitudinal brace
11. 18:20-18:55 assembling leg assembly to top assembly
This model is parameterised and is resizeable within limits, but if you vary any dimenstion by more than about 25% you're probably going to need to do some rework.
Colours are for clarity only.
## Errata/todo:
1. locking wedges and treenails are generally not present in this
drawing;
2. mortices and holes for wedges and treenails are not all present;
3. two of the tapered mortices for the longitudinal braces are the
wrong way round;
5. while all tenons are modelled, not all mortices are; where a tenon
intersects an apparently solid piece, assume there is a mortice!
## Licence
[Creative Commons Attribution/Non-commercial/Share Alike](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en)

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/**
* 'Roubo' bench
*
* Woodworking bench constructed primarily from softwood and without
* metal fastenings, traditional in parts of east Asia. The internally
* threaded blocks for the two vices are clearly turned from close-
* grained hardwood; I suspect the moving block for the end vice, and
* the treenails and locking wedges, should also be hardwood.
*
* All dimensions in millimetres.
*
* If reasonable sizes for top planks include 150mm (which is
* what we have) then the maximum possible diameter of a vice
* screw is 25mm; which means we may as well use commercial
* metal threaded rod. A wooden screw that small would be
* finicky to make and pretty fragile.
*
* if you can get 200x75mm for the top planks then a turned wooden screw
* may become more practical, but I have not parameterised the screw
* diameter
*
* This file is partially constructed from analysis of
* [this video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhAEbklxJME).
*
* Key points:
* 1:55-3:08 leg top joint detail
* 3:10-7:50 top plank end tenon detail
* 7:50-9:20 cutting end vice slot (I don't think the cutting of the
* internal slot for the end vice moving block is ever shown)
* 9:30-10:14 dowels to assemble top planks
* 10:24-13:25 detail of end vice assembly
* 10:24-13-09 top end cap assembly
* 13:30-14:20 cutting end tenons of leg cross brace
* 14:20-16:40; 19:30-20:00 front vice assembly
* 16:42-17:08 assembling leg cross brace
* 17:20-18:05 leg longitudinal brace
* 18:20-18:55 assembling leg assembly to top assembly
*
* This model is parameterised and is resizeable within limits, but if
* you vary any dimenstion by more than about 25% you're probably going
* to need to do some rework.
*
* Colours are for clarity only.
*
* Errata/todo:
* 1. locking wedges and treenails are generally not present in this
* drawing;
* 2. mortices and holes for wedges and treenails are not all present;
* 3. two of the tapered mortices for the longitudinal braces are the
* wrong way round;
* 5. while all tenons are modelled, not all mortices are; where a tenon
* intersects an apparently solid piece, assume there is a mortice!
*/
/**
* mortice for cross brace. This is a half-dovetail, locked with a cuboid
* locking block. There are no shoulders visible on the braces in the video.
*/
module cross_brace_mortice(section = 100) {
translate([section+1, 0, 0])
rotate([90,0,180])
linear_extrude(height=section/3)
polygon(points=[[0, 0],
[section + 2, section*0.25],
[section + 2, section *1.25],
[0, section *1.25]]);
}
/**
* mortice to receive the end of the longitudinal brace. Contra the cross
* brace, the longitudinal braces in the video are just plain planks without
* any shaping, and are locked by wedges. I cannot see any reason for this
* difference, unless it be to demonstrate two different styles of joint;
* but there may be one.
*
* NOTE: this module produces an object centred on the origin, which is the
* right way to do things, but most of the other modules in this file do
* not.
*/
module long_brace_mortice(section = 100, n = 0) {
// correct orientation
rotate([90,180,90+(180*n)])
// centre on origin
translate([0-((section +2)/2), 0-(section*0.625), 0-section/6])
// add thickness
linear_extrude(height=section/3)
// define shape
polygon(points=[[-1, 0],
[section + 1, section*0.25],
[section + 1, section *1.25],
[-1, section *1.25]]);
}
/**
* the cut removed from the top of the leg. Obviously, the cut in
* the bench top to receive the leg must be the inverse of this.
*/
module leg_top_cut(section = 100) {
translate([-1, -1, 0])
cube([(section/10)+1, section+2, section+1]);
translate([(section/10)+(section/4), -1, 0])
cube( [(section/5)+1, section+2, section+1]);
translate([section+1, 0, 0])
rotate([0,270,0])
linear_extrude( height = (section/5)+1)
polygon(points = [ [-1,-1], [(section/3),(section/2)], [-1, section+1], [section+2, section+1], [section+2, -1]]);
}
/**
* leg with all the cuts all legs have; additional cuts are needed on the
* vice leg.
*/
module leg(height = 950, section = 100, top_thickness = 75, n=0) {
color("red")
difference() {
cube( [section, section, height]);
{
translate([0, 0, height - top_thickness])
leg_top_cut(section);
translate([0, section/3, (height-section)/2])
cross_brace_mortice(section);
translate([section/2, 0, height/4])
long_brace_mortice( section, n);
}
};
};
module legs( height = 950, section = 100, bench_width =1500, bench_depth = 600, top_thickness=75) {
translate( [section-1, (bench_width/5)+ (section/2)])
rotate([0,0,180])
leg( height+1, section, top_thickness, 1);
translate( [section-1, (4 * (bench_width/5))+ (section/2)])
rotate([0,0,180])
leg( height+1, section, top_thickness, 2);
translate( [bench_depth+1-section, (bench_width/5)- (section/2), 0])
leg( height+1, section, top_thickness, 3);
translate( [bench_depth+1-section, (4 * (bench_width/5))- (section/2), 0])
leg( height+1, section, top_thickness, 4);
}
module top_plank_end_tenon(plank_width= 150, top_thickness=75) {
translate([ plank_width/8, 3 * top_thickness/4, top_thickness/4])
cube([ 3*(plank_width/4), top_thickness, top_thickness/2 ]);
translate([ (7 * plank_width/8) - top_thickness/2, -1, top_thickness/4])
cube([plank_width/4, top_thickness + 2, top_thickness/2]);
translate([ plank_width/8, -1, top_thickness/4])
cube([plank_width/4, top_thickness + 2, top_thickness/2]);
}
module top_plank_end_cut(plank_width=150, top_thickness=75) {
difference(){
translate([-1, -1, -1])
cube([plank_width + 2, top_thickness + 2 , top_thickness + 2]);
top_plank_end_tenon(plank_width, top_thickness);
};
};
//top_plank_end_cut();
module top_plank(bench_width = 1500, plank_width= 150, top_thickness=75) {
color("yellow")
difference() {
cube([ plank_width, bench_width, top_thickness]);
{
top_plank_end_cut( plank_width, top_thickness);
translate([0, bench_width, top_thickness])
rotate( [180, 0, 0])
top_plank_end_cut( plank_width, top_thickness);
}
};
}
//top_plank();
module top_end(depth=600, section=75) {
color("green")
cube([ depth, section, section]);
// todo: add mortices
}
module end_vice_cut( plank_width=150, width=300, top_thickness=75) {
translate([plank_width * 0.375, 0, -1])
cube([plank_width/4, width, top_thickness + 2]);
translate([plank_width * 0.3125, 0, top_thickness * 0.4])
cube([plank_width*0.375, width, top_thickness/5]);
}
/**
* If reasonable sizes for top planks include 150mm (which is
* what we have) then the maximum possible diameter of a vice
* screw is 25mm; which means we may as well use commercial
* metal threaded rod. A wooden screw that small would be
* finicky to make and pretty fragile.
*/
module vice_screw(depth=400) {
color( "indigo")
rotate([180,90,0]) {
cylinder(h=depth, r=12.5);
cylinder(h=depth/10, r=25);
}
color( "darkslateblue")
translate([0 - depth/20, 0, 0])
rotate([60, 0, 0]) {
translate([ 0, 0, depth/4])
sphere(6);
translate([0, 0, 0 - (depth/4)])
sphere( 6);
cylinder(h=depth/2, r=4, center=true);
}
}
module end_vice( plank_width=150, width=300, top_thickness=75){
// the end vice block: this has exactly the section of the end
// vice cut, so we'll use the same model (but much smaller width)
color("purple")
translate([50 - (width/5), 0, 0])
end_vice_cut( plank_width, 50, top_thickness);
rotate([0, 0, 90])
translate([width *1.1, 0 - plank_width/2, top_thickness/2])
vice_screw(width);
}
module bench_top( nplanks=4, ndowels = 4, plank_gap=20, bench_width=1500, plank_width=150, top_thickness=75) {
for (plank=[0:nplanks - 1]) {
translate( [plank*(plank_width + plank_gap), 0, 0]) {
if (plank == nplanks - 1) {
difference() {
top_plank(bench_width, plank_width, top_thickness);
translate([0, bench_width*(5/6), 0])
end_vice_cut(plank_width, bench_width/6, top_thickness);
}
translate([0, bench_width*(5/6), 0])
end_vice(plank_width, bench_width/6, top_thickness);
} else {
top_plank(bench_width, plank_width, top_thickness);
for (dowel=[1:ndowels]) {
translate([plank_width-(plank_gap/2), dowel * (bench_width/(ndowels+1)), top_thickness/2])
rotate([0,90,0])
color("orange")
cylinder(h=50+plank_gap, r=(top_thickness/6), center=true);
}
}
}
}
translate([0, 1, 0])
top_end((plank_width * nplanks)+(plank_gap * (nplanks - 1)), top_thickness);
translate([ 0, bench_width - (top_thickness +1), 0])
top_end((plank_width * nplanks)+(plank_gap * (nplanks - 1)), top_thickness);
}
/**
* cross brace, as shown on the video, has half-dovetail end tenons
* without shoulders. That's not how I would do it!
*/
module cross_brace(section = 100, depth =600) {
color("blue")
rotate([90,0,0])
linear_extrude(height=section/3)
polygon(points=[[0,0],
[section,section/4],
[section,0],
[depth - section, 0],
[depth - section, section/4],
[depth, 0],
[depth, section],
[0, section]]);
}
/**
* long brace is shown in the video as just an unshaped plank.
*/
module long_brace(section=100, bench_width=1500) {
color("blue")
cube([ section/3, 0.8 * bench_width, section]);
}
module undercarriage( height = 950, leg_section = 100, bench_width =1500, bench_depth = 600, top_thickness=75) {
legs( height, leg_section, bench_width, bench_depth, top_thickness);
translate([ leg_section/3, 0.1*bench_width, height/4-leg_section*0.625])
long_brace(leg_section, bench_width);
translate([ bench_depth-(2*(leg_section/3)), 0.1*bench_width, height/4-leg_section*0.625])
long_brace(leg_section, bench_width);
translate([0, bench_width/5 + leg_section/6, height/2 - leg_section/2])
cross_brace(leg_section,bench_depth);
translate([0, (4 * bench_width/5) + leg_section/6, height/2 - leg_section/2])
cross_brace(leg_section,bench_depth);
}
module front_vice( width=150, height=800, depth=400) {
// front jaw of vice:
color("purple")
difference() {
cube([width/3, width, height]);
translate([width/3 + 1, -1, height + 1])
rotate([180, 90, 270])
linear_extrude(height=width+2)
polygon([[0,0], [0,30], [width,0], [width,0]]);
}
// bottom link:
color("fuchsia")
translate([0-(depth*0.8), (width/2)-(width/12), width/2])
difference() {
cube([depth, width/6, width/2]);
for( hole_pair=[1:5]) {
translate([25+(depth/10 * hole_pair), width/3, width/6])
rotate([90,0,0])
cylinder(width/2, r=12.5);
translate([(depth/10 * hole_pair), width/3, width/3])
rotate([90,0,0])
cylinder(width/2, r=12.5);
}
};
translate([(depth*0.22), width/2, height * 0.75])
vice_screw( depth);
}
module bench( height=950, width=1500, nplanks=4, ndowels=4, plank_width=150, plank_gap=20, top_thickness=75, leg_section=100) {
bench_depth=((plank_width*nplanks)+(plank_gap*(nplanks -1)));
undercarriage(height, leg_section, width, bench_depth, top_thickness);
translate([0, 0, height-top_thickness])
bench_top(nplanks, ndowels, plank_gap, width, plank_width,top_thickness);
translate([ bench_depth + plank_gap,(width/5)-(plank_width/2), height/4])
front_vice(plank_width, height*0.75, bench_depth*0.666);
}
//translate([0, 0, 875])
// bench_top();
bench(width=1700);